When you feel sick, understanding COVID-19 testing options helps you make informed decisions about your health. Several tests are available to detect the presence of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. Each test type works differently, and they have unique characteristics regarding sample collection and result timing. Here is more information about COVID testing and what to expect:
PCR Tests
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests are a standard method for detecting COVID-19. These tests detect the virus’s genetic material, and they are known for their high sensitivity. After a healthcare provider collects a sample, they typically send it to a laboratory for analysis.
Because the lab process is complex, PCR test results typically take longer than those from other test types. The sample undergoes a process that amplifies the viral genetic material, and this makes it easier to detect small amounts. This detailed analysis means you may have to wait up to three days for your results.
Antigen Tests
Antigen tests offer a faster alternative for detecting COVID. These tests detect specific proteins, and these are located on the surface of the virus. Because the process is simpler than a PCR test, results are available quickly, typically within 15 minutes.
These rapid tests are convenient, and they can be performed in a clinic. While they provide immediate results, antigen tests are generally less sensitive than PCR tests. A negative result might not completely rule out an infection, especially if you have symptoms. Your healthcare provider may suggest a follow-up PCR test, and this can confirm a negative antigen test result if an infection is still suspected.
These tests are typically used to confirm an infection. Your doctor might recommend a test if you have symptoms or a known exposure, and this provides a reliable diagnosis. While the high accuracy of PCR tests makes them a standard for many situations, antigen tests are helpful when time is a factor.
Nose Swabs
A nasal swab is a typical method for collecting samples for both PCR and antigen tests. There are different types of nose swabs, and the collection process may vary. A healthcare professional typically performs collection procedures to get a good sample, using these steps:
- Prepare materials: This involves a clean testing kit, including the swab, tube, and any required solution as instructed by the test manufacturer. The provider should wash thoroughly before beginning.
- Position head: The patient’s head is tilted slightly back to allow easier access to the nasal cavity.
- Insert swab: The swab is inserted into one nostril, following the nasal passage while avoiding excessive force.
- Repeat if necessary: If required, the process is repeated in the second nostril using the same swab, unless otherwise instructed.
- Secure sample: The swab is placed in a labeled tube.
COVID Results
Receiving your test results is the next step in the process, and you will get them through various channels, depending on the testing provider. A positive result indicates that the virus was detected in your sample. While a negative result means the virus was not found, it does not completely rule out an infection, particularly with antigen tests, if you test very early.
Schedule a COVID Test
Various testing options are available to fit different needs, from the high accuracy of PCR tests to the speed of antigen tests. If you need to get tested for COVID-19, medical professionals can help you navigate your options. Contact a clinic today to schedule a COVID test, and you can get the information you need.
